NeRF: Neural Radiance Field in 3D Vision, A Comprehensive Review
This survey addresses the lack of unified taxonomies and reproducible benchmarks in existing NeRF literature. We propose a dual-dimensional classification framework—spanning architectural design and application scenarios—to systematically unify implicit neural representations and differentiable volumetric rendering theory. Our structured review encompasses over 120 works, and we introduce the first open-source, standardized benchmark evaluating cross-model performance and inference speed. Key technical challenges—including radiance field optimization, multi-view geometric constraints, and real-time rendering—are distilled and analyzed. We further identify promising research directions, such as scalable scene representation and physically consistent modeling. The survey bridges theoretical rigor with practical utility, serving as both an authoritative entry point and a foundational reference for the NeRF community.