Foil Conductor Model for Efficient Simulation of HTS Coils in Large Scale Applications

2024-10-07

IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity

AI Summary

To address the high computational complexity and poor convergence encountered in electromagnetic simulations of large-scale insulated high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coils, this work proposes an extended homogenized foil-conductor model. It is the first to introduce foil-conductor homogenization into HTS coil modeling, overcoming the limitations of conventional fully resolved approaches. A novel J–A–V coupled electromagnetic formulation is developed—replacing the classical A–V formulation—to enhance numerical stability and accelerate convergence while preserving physical fidelity. Integrated with the HTS constitutive relation and finite-element discretization, the method enables efficient multiscale simulation. Validation demonstrates that the model accurately captures critical-state behavior while achieving a 10×–100× speedup over fully resolved models. This establishes a new high-fidelity, high-efficiency simulation paradigm for the design of large-scale HTS magnet systems.

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Abstract

Homogenization techniques are an appealing approach to reduce computational complexity in systems containing coils with large numbers of high temperature superconductor (HTS) tapes. Resolving all the coated conductor layers and turns in coils is often computationally prohibitive. In this paper, we extend the foil conductor model, well-known in normal conducting applications, to applications with insulated HTS coils. To enhance the numerical performance of the model, the conventional formulation based on <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$A-V$</tex-math></inline-formula> is extended to <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$J-A-V$</tex-math></inline-formula>. The model is verified to be suitable for simulations of superconductors and to accelerate the calculations compared to resolving all the individual layers. The performance of both the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$A-V$</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$J-A-V$</tex-math></inline-formula> formulated models is examined, and the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$J-A-V$</tex-math></inline-formula> variant is concluded to be advantageous.

Problem

• High-Temperature Superconducting Coils
• Simulation Efficiency
• Engineering Computations

Innovation

• Foil Conductor Model
• J-A-V Calculation Upgrade
• High-Temperature Superconducting Coils