Problem
Research questions and friction points this paper is trying to address.
Critical-minerals supply chains
verifiable provenance
limited disclosure
zero-knowledge proofs
OreProof: Verifiable Provenance with Limited Disclosure for Critical-Minerals Supply Chains Using Zero-Knowledge Proofs
🤖 AI Summary
OreProof利用零知识证明解决关键矿物供应链中验证来源与保护隐私之间的矛盾，通过混合数据模型和选择性披露方法提高透明度同时保护敏感信息。
📝 Abstract
Critical-minerals supply chains face a structural tension: regulators and buyers demand verifiable provenance, yet upstream actors are hesitant to disclose supplier identities, assay grades/yields, and prices that verification appears to require. We report a design science account of OreProof, a prototypical traceability platform addressing this verifiability-disclosure trade-off. Instantiated for gold, OreProof combines a hybrid on-chain/off-chain data model, Groth16 zero-knowledge proofs for selective disclosure, a Merkle-batched anchoring pipeline, and UNTP-aligned verifiable credentials on a public zkEVM testnet. Against a transparent baseline, directly inferable confidential attributes fell from three of four categories to none under a defined attacker model, while batched anchoring substantially improved throughput. Our contributions are the artifact prototype as well as four nascent design principles: prove over committed data rather than exposing it; credential only verifiable origin and flag unknown inputs for blended commodities; emit standards-aligned credentials from the outset; and partition disclosure by supply-chain role.
Innovation
Methods, ideas, or system contributions that make the work stand out.
Zero-Knowledge Proofs
Hybrid On-Chain/Off-Chain Data Model
Merkle-Batched Anchoring
Verifiable Credentials
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