Blockchain-Based Spectrum Resource Securitization via Semi-Fungible Token-Lock

2026-01-22

AI Summary

This work addresses the inefficiencies of existing ERC404-based spectral asset tokenization schemes, which frequently mint and burn tokens during transfers, thereby disrupting identity continuity and incurring high on-chain overhead. To overcome these limitations, we propose the SFT Lock mechanism, which replaces minting and burning with lock/unlock operations, preserving NFT identity and historical provenance while enabling fractional ownership and flexible trading. Our approach employs a modular smart contract architecture to support authorization, securitization, and shared ownership, complemented by a staking mechanism to enhance liquidity. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared to ERC404-style models, our method significantly reduces gas consumption while maintaining functional correctness and traceability. This study introduces the first semi-fungible token model based on a locking mechanism, effectively improving on-chain efficiency and asset expressiveness.

Technology Category

• Multiagent Systems: Mechanism Design
• Data Mining & Knowledge Management: Representing, Reasoning, and Using Provenance, Trust
• Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization: Satisfiability Modulo Theories

Application Category

• Security and Privacy: Cryptocurrency and smart contracts
• Economics, Online Markets and Human Computation: Economic aspects of blockchain and cryptocurrencies
• Semantics and Knowledge: Provenance, trust, security and privacy, and ethical issues in managing semantic data

Abstract

As 6G networks evolve, spectrum assets require flexible, dynamic, and efficient utilization, motivating blockchain based spectrum securitization. Existing approaches based on ERC404 style hybrid token models rely on frequent minting and burning during asset transfers, which disrupt token identity continuity and increase on chain overhead. This paper proposes the Semi Fungible Token Lock (SFT Lock) method, a lock/unlock based mechanism that preserves NFT identity and historical traceability while enabling fractional ownership and transferability. By replacing mint/burn operations with deterministic state transitions, SFT Lock ensures consistent lifecycle representation of spectrum assets and significantly reduces on chain operations. Based on this mechanism, a modular smart contract architecture is designed to support spectrum authorization, securitization, and sharing, and a staking mechanism is introduced to enhance asset liquidity. Experimental results on a private Ethereum network demonstrate that, compared with ERC404 style hybrid token models, the proposed method achieves substantial gas savings while maintaining functional correctness and traceability.

Problem

• spectrum securitization
• blockchain
• semi-fungible token
• token identity continuity
• on-chain overhead

Innovation

• Semi-Fungible Token
• Token Lock
• Spectrum Securitization
• Blockchain
• 6G Networks