A Syntax-Injected Approach for Faster and More Accurate Sentiment Analysis
In sentiment analysis (SA), conventional dependency parsing enhances accuracy and interpretability but incurs prohibitive computational overhead, hindering practical deployment. This paper proposes the Sequence Labeling Syntactic Parser (SELSP), the first approach to formulate dependency parsing as a lightweight sequence labeling task, enabling efficient syntactic integration. SELSP incorporates a polarity-aware sentiment lexicon, employs ternary and quinary classification schemes, and is rigorously evaluated via multi-model ablation studies. Compared to Stanza and VADER, SELSP achieves significant gains in both accuracy and inference speed; against Transformer-based baselines, it accelerates inference by multiple orders of magnitude while retaining competitive performance on ternary sentiment classification. Key contributions are: (i) pioneering a sequence labeling paradigm for dependency parsing; (ii) empirically validating that sentiment lexicons grounded in polarity discrimination differences yield superior performance; and (iii) achieving a balanced optimization of inference speed, predictive accuracy, and model interpretability.