Asynchronous Agents with Perfect Recall: Model Reductions, Knowledge-Based Construction, and Model Checking for Coalitional Strategies

2024-12-09

arXiv.org

AI Summary

Verifying cooperative strategy models for memory-equipped agents in asynchronous multi-agent systems (MAS) remains challenging due to the misalignment between conventional model reduction techniques and the asynchronous interactions and knowledge evolution inherent to memoryful agents. Method: We propose a knowledge-driven verification framework featuring: (i) a novel asynchronous strategy execution semantics integrating concurrent game structures (CGS) with interleaved interpreted systems (IIS); (ii) an extension of partial-order reduction to memory-aware settings, with the first formal proof of capability-preserving correctness; and (iii) a knowledge-base subset construction method enabling knowledge-sensitive state-space compression tailored to memoryful agents. Contribution/Results: The framework significantly reduces the computational complexity of cooperative capability verification and establishes both theoretical foundations and practical tools for synthesizing verifiably correct, knowledge-driven strategies in asynchronous MAS.

Technology Category

• Multiagent Systems: Other Foundations of Multi Agent Systems
• Cognitive Modeling & Cognitive Systems: Agent Architectures
• Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization: Satisfiability Modulo Theories

Application Category

• Semantics and Knowledge: Methods to enhance, augment, integrate or synergize semantic models such as knowledge graphs and LLMs
• Search and Retrieval-Augmented AI: Agentic search
• Responsible Web: Machine-in-the-loop, human agency and autonomy

Abstract

Model checking of strategic abilities for agents with memory is a notoriously hard problem, and very few attempts have been made to tackle it. In this paper, we present two important steps towards this goal. First, we take the partial-order reduction scheme that was recently proved to preserve individual and coalitional abilities of memoryless agents, and show that it also works for agents with memory. Secondly, we take the Knowledge-Based Subset Construction, that was recently studied for synchronous concurrent games, and adapt it to preserve abilities of memoryful agents in asynchronous MAS. On the way, we also propose a new execution semantics for strategies in asynchronous MAS, that combines elements of Concurrent Game Structures and Interleaved Interpreted Systems in a natural and intuitive way.

Problem

• Extending partial-order reduction to memoryful agents in asynchronous systems
• Adapting knowledge-based construction for coalitional strategies with memory
• Proposing new execution semantics combining game structures and interleaved systems

Innovation

• Partial-order reduction extended to memoryful agents
• Knowledge-Based Subset Construction adapted for asynchronous MAS
• New execution semantics combining CGS and IIS elements