Energy-Efficient User Clustering for UAV-Enabled Wireless Networks Using EM Algorithm

2021-09-23

International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks

AI Summary

To address the joint user clustering and UAV deployment optimization challenge under stringent onboard energy constraints in UAV-assisted wireless networks, this paper proposes an energy-aware joint optimization framework. We innovatively model user spatial distribution using a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and design an enhanced Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm to simultaneously perform user clustering and three-dimensional placement optimization of UAV-mounted small base stations (DSCs). The method ensures link reliability while significantly improving system energy efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate a 25.0% gain in energy efficiency and an 18.3% improvement in link reliability over baseline schemes. Moreover, the proposed framework exhibits strong scalability, offering a novel paradigm for efficient resource orchestration in energy-constrained UAV networks.

Abstract

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can be used to provide wireless connectivity to support the existing infrastructure in hot-spots or replace it in cases of destruction. UAV-enabled wireless provides several advantages in network performance due to drone small cells (DSCs) mobility despite the limited onboard energy. However, the problem of resource allocation has added complexity. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient user clustering mechanism based on Gaussian mixture models (GMM) using a modified Expected-Maximization (EM) algorithm. The algorithm is intended to provide the initial user clustering and drone deployment upon which additional mechanisms can be employed to further enhance the system performance. The proposed algorithm improves the energy efficiency of the system by 25% and link reliability by 18.3% compared to other baseline methods.

Problem

• Optimizing energy-efficient user clustering in UAV networks
• Enhancing resource allocation for drone small cells
• Improving wireless connectivity through modified EM algorithm

Innovation

• Uses Gaussian mixture models for user clustering
• Applies modified EM algorithm for energy efficiency
• Enhances drone deployment and wireless network performance