Robust and Secure Blockage-Aware Pinching Antenna-assisted Wireless Communication

2026-01-10

arXiv.org

AI Summary

This work addresses the challenge of secure communication in the presence of a multi-antenna eavesdropper and imperfect channel state information (CSI) by proposing a block-wise aware system based on reconfigurable parasitic antenna (PA) arrays. The design jointly optimizes waveguide-level beamforming, artificial noise covariance, PA power allocation, and PA positioning to maximize the total system throughput while satisfying a secrecy rate constraint. A key innovation lies in the construction of a geometry-aware CSI error uncertainty set that, for the first time, jointly models eavesdropper location and array orientation uncertainties. Adaptive PA placement is introduced to preserve line-of-sight links with legitimate users while actively disrupting eavesdroppers. The resulting highly non-convex robust optimization problem is efficiently solved via block coordinate descent, penalty methods, majorization-minimization, and the S-procedure. Compared to fixed-antenna systems, the proposed scheme achieves a 4.7 dB gain in total rate, significantly enhancing both communication performance and physical-layer security.

Technology Category

• Search and Optimization: Mixed Discrete/Continuous Search
• Machine Learning: Hardware-aware ML
• Multiagent Systems: Adversarial Agents

Application Category

• Security and Privacy: Large-scale security measurements
• Systems and Infrastructure for Web, Mobile and WoT: Location- and context-aware Web and WoT applications and services
• User Modeling, Personalization and Recommendation: Attacks and countermeasures in recommendation systems

Abstract

In this work, we investigate a blockage-aware pinching antenna (PA) system designed for secure and robust wireless communication. The considered system comprises a base station equipped with multiple waveguides, each hosting multiple PAs, and serves multiple single-antenna legitimate users in the presence of multi-antenna eavesdroppers under imperfect channel state information (CSI). To safeguard confidential transmissions, artificial noise (AN) is deliberately injected to degrade the eavesdropping channels. Recognizing that conventional linear CSI-error bounds become overly conservative for spatially distributed PA architectures, we develop new geometry-aware uncertainty sets that jointly characterize eavesdroppers position and array-orientation errors. Building upon these sets, we formulate a robust joint optimization problem that determines per-waveguide beamforming and AN covariance, individual PA power-ratio allocation, and PA positions to maximize the system sum rate subject to secrecy constraints. The highly non-convex design problem is efficiently addressed via a low computational complexity iterative algorithm that capitalizes on block coordinate descent, penalty-based methods, majorization-minimization, the S-procedure, and Lipschitz-based surrogate functions. Simulation results demonstrate that sum rates for the proposed algorithm outperforms conventional fixed antenna systems by 4.7 dB, offering substantially improved rate and secrecy performance. In particular, (i) adaptive PA positioning preserves LoS to legitimate users while effectively exploiting waveguide geometry to disrupt eavesdropper channels, and (ii) neglecting blockage effects in the PA system significantly impacts the system design, leading to performance degradation and inadequate secrecy guarantees.

Problem

• blockage-aware
• secure communication
• pinching antenna
• imperfect CSI
• eavesdropping

Innovation

• Blockage-aware
• Pinching Antenna
• Artificial Noise
• Geometry-aware Uncertainty
• Robust Beamforming