Quantum-Inspired Phase Bicoherence Spectroscopy: A Framework for Detecting Universal Textural Angular Order Across Multi-Modal Complex Datasets

2026-08-13

AI Summary

Traditional image analysis struggles to effectively exploit structured directional information encoded in Fourier phase and is sensitive to local rotations. This work proposes a quantum phase bicoherence (QPBC) spectroscopy framework that encodes angular image sectors into a nine-qubit entangled state, enabling the detection of three-body bicoherences via ancilla qubits to generate 16 interpretable readout channels. The method extracts gauge-invariant angular ordering features without explicit phase reconstruction, establishing the first interpretable quantum morphometry capable of yielding universal texture observables inaccessible to classical approaches. Built-in inversion symmetry provides intrinsic self-validation. Evaluated on BBBC021, BBBC041, and PathMNIST datasets, QPBC robustly discriminates biological phenotypes, with optimal probing frequencies converging across datasets; negative control experiments fully abolish discriminative power, and performance surpasses conventional Fourier phase statistical methods.

Abstract

Classical image analysis routinely discards structurally meaningful orientation signatures encoded within Fourier phase, which are easily corrupted by local cellular rotation. Although quantum-inspired data processing offers new avenues for complex signal characterization, practical tools for directly extracting gauge-invariant angular correlations without explicit phase reconstruction remain scarce. Here we introduce Quantum Phase Bicoherence (QPBC) spectroscopy, a novel quantum-interferometric framework for capturing gauge-invariant angular order. The method embeds image angular sectors into a nine-qubit entangled state and probes three-body bicoherence via an ancilla, yielding 16 interpretable readout channels. We validate our framework on three independent public multi-modal imaging datasets covering fluorescence (BBBC021), bright-field (BBBC041) and histopathology (PathMNIST). QPBC consistently resolves angular-phase order and discriminates distinct biological phenotypes with high statistical significance. After principal-axis alignment, the optimal probing frequency universally converges, driven by Fourier directional sensitivity; negative-control experiments fully eliminate discriminative capacity, demonstrating frequency tuning acts as an on-off switch. Cross-dataset benchmarks confirm QPBC outperforms conventional Fourier-phase statistics, where inherent inversion symmetry serves as a built-in pipeline self-check. QPBC delivers a universal, classically unachievable quantitative texture observable, establishes interpretable quantum morphometry, and broadens the toolbox for quantum-inspired analysis applicable to diverse multi-modal microscopic measurements.

Problem

• Fourier phase
• angular order
• gauge invariance
• texture analysis
• multi-modal imaging

Innovation

• Quantum Phase Bicoherence
• gauge-invariant angular correlations
• quantum-interferometric framework
• interpretable quantum morphometry
• multi-modal imaging