Center-Fed Pinching Antenna System for Uplink Environment Sensing

2026-06-24

AI Summary

This work addresses the limited degrees of freedom in conventional end-fed Pinching antennas for uplink environmental sensing, which leads to unstable signal separation and high reconstruction errors. To overcome these limitations, the authors propose the Center-fed Pinching Antenna System (C-PASS), introducing for the first time a center-fed architecture that doubles the system’s degrees of freedom and enables a linear inverse model–based environmental sensing framework. Theoretical analysis derives the Ziv-Zakai bound (ZZB) for C-PASS, rigorously demonstrating its strictly lower reconstruction error compared to traditional end-fed systems. The study also investigates the impact of feed-point spacing on signal separation stability. Numerical experiments validate the tightness of the derived ZZB and confirm that C-PASS achieves more stable signal separation and consistently superior scene reconstruction performance relative to end-fed configurations.

Abstract

A center-fed pinching antenna system (C-PASS)-enabled uplink environment sensing framework is proposed. Through the center-fed framework, doubled degrees of freedom is achieved compared to conventional end-fed PASS. Based on this, we consider an uplink sensing scenario, in which a linear inverse model is developed to reconstruct the environment through signals scattered by the environment object. In the proposed framework, the distance between the feed points for stable separation of the received signals is characterized in closed form. Furthermore, Ziv-Zakai bound (ZZB) expressions for the mean-squared reconstruction error are derived for C-PASS and end-fed PASS. Based on these theoretical results, it can be proved that C-PASS achieves a strictly lower reconstruction error bound than conventional PASS for uplink environment sensing. Finally, numerical results validate the accuracy of the derived ZZB expressions and 1) demonstrate that C-PASS provides more stable separation of the received signals, and 2) confirm the consistent performance advantages of C-PASS.

Problem

• uplink environment sensing
• antenna system
• signal separation
• reconstruction error
• degrees of freedom

Innovation

• center-fed antenna
• environment sensing
• Ziv-Zakai bound
• linear inverse model
• degrees of freedom