Generalized Software Product Line Extraction

2026-05-27

AI Summary

This work addresses the limited reusability and evolvability of existing software product line (SPL) engineering approaches, which are typically tied to specific technology stacks and integrated development environments (IDEs). To overcome this constraint, the authors propose a workspace-agnostic protocol that incrementally extracts feature models from lightweight dependency units called “atoms.” The approach introduces a configuration and generation architecture comprising a generic SPL server and pluggable clients—each combining a universal frontend with a specialized backend. This design decouples SPL engineering from underlying technical spaces, enabling flexible, cross-language and cross-IDE component substitution. A prototype implementation, with a Go/Prolog-based server, a Java backend, and a JavaScript frontend, was validated on Neverlang language artifacts, demonstrating the protocol’s generality, reusability, and independence from specific development workspaces.

Abstract

Software product line (SPL) engineering has been successfully applied to software development by obtaining software systems as compositions of modular features. Existing approaches to SPL engineering, however, are typically bound to a specific technological space (such as, a programming language and a composer) and integrated development environment (IDE), and rely on extraction mechanisms that make strong assumptions on the underlying technological space. This tight coupling hinders reuse, evolution, and adoption of heterogeneous development environments. We propose a general, workbench-agnostic protocol for extracting feature models from existing software artifacts and for configuring and deriving software products. The protocol follows a bottom-up approach based on lightweight dependency units called "atoms", and organizes the extraction and configuration process around an SPL server (workbench-independent) and an SPL client with a workbench-specific backend and a generic frontend. The protocol makes few assumptions on the underlying software artifacts and is therefore applicable to varied SPLs. The applicability of this approach is presented through a prototypical implementation of the architecture in which several subsystems interact and can be swapped freely without affecting the others. In particular, we focus on the application of such a protocol in the context of language product lines (LPLs), demonstrating its applicability to concrete scenarios while preserving workbench-agnosticism. From bottom to top, the implementation comprises: Neverlang language artifacts, a Java SPL client backend, an agnostic and reusable SPL server written in Go and Prolog, and a JavaScript SPL client frontend.

Problem

• Software Product Line
• Technological Space
• Workbench-Agnostic
• Feature Model Extraction
• Heterogeneous Development Environments

Innovation

• workbench-agnostic
• software product line extraction
• atoms
• language product lines
• SPL server-client architecture