Performance Evaluation of HAPS-enabled Coverage Enhancement in Hard-to-Reach Areas

2026-09-04

AI Summary

该论文使用随机几何工具建模难以到达的区域，并通过部署高空平台站（HAPS）来增强这些地区的网络覆盖，分析了不同参数对上下行链路覆盖性能的影响。

Abstract

High altitude platform stations (HAPSs) are becoming a key component of future non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). HAPSs can serve a larger area than uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) and offer lower propagation latency, maintenance expense, and energy costs than satellites. A major application of HAPSs is to serve the areas where terrestrial network (TN) deployment is infeasible, especially in hard-to-reach areas and post-disaster areas. For instance, in the Amazon rainforest, the Mediterranean region, and deserts, TN deployment is severely constrained by geographical and environmental conditions. Only areas close to transportation networks or coastlines can be covered, while large areas remain uncovered. Such coverage holes in hard-to-reach areas are typically overlooked in existing literature. Motivated by these realistic cases, in this paper, we use tools from stochastic geometry to mathematically model hard-to-reach areas where cellular terrestrial infrastructure only exists at their perimeter. We propose to deploy a HAPS constellation over this hard-to-reach area to enhance connectivity. For that setup, we derive the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) coverage performance of the considered user equipment (UE) as a function of the location of the UE inside the coverage hole. Our results show how the number of HAPSs, beamwidth, and HAPS altitude affect the DL and UL coverage probabilities. Finally, we provide multiple useful guidelines for future HAPS deployment.

Problem

• HAPS
• coverage enhancement
• hard-to-reach areas
• non-terrestrial networks

Innovation

• HAPS
• stochastic geometry
• coverage enhancement
• hard-to-reach areas
• connectivity