Noise-Domain Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access for Three Users

2025-09-27

AI Summary

Existing two-user noise-domain NOMA (ND-NOMA) schemes exploit only the mean and variance of channel noise as modulation dimensions, limiting scalability to multi-user scenarios. Method: This paper proposes the first three-user ND-NOMA scheme, pioneering the use of inter-user noise correlation as an independent encoding dimension—enabling joint modulation and detection over mean, variance, and correlation. The scheme supports both uplink and downlink operation and employs a Rician-fading-channel-specific parameter detector, validated through theoretical analysis and simulations. Contribution/Results: While preserving the inherent low-power and low-complexity advantages of ND-NOMA, the proposed scheme achieves favorable bit error rate performance, significantly enhances user capacity and system scalability, and establishes a novel paradigm for noise-domain multiple access tailored to massive IoT deployments.

Technology Category

• Application Domains: Internet of Things, Sensor Networks & Smart Cities
• Search and Optimization: Mixed Discrete/Continuous Search
• Cognitive Modeling & Cognitive Systems: Neural Spike Coding

Application Category

• User Modeling, Personalization and Recommendation: On-Device user modeling, personalization, and recommendation
• Systems and Infrastructure for Web, Mobile and WoT: Energy management for devices in mobile Web and WoT environments
• Security and Privacy: Large-scale security measurements

Abstract

In this study, we propose a novel three-user noise-domain non-orthogonal multiple access (ND-NOMA) scheme by introducing the correlation as a new dimension besides mean and variance quantities used in two-user ND-NOMA. The new three-user ND-NOMA scheme includes both uplink and downlink scenarios, with detectors designed to decode the information embedded in mean, variance, and correlation. Our theoretical analysis and simulation results under Rician fading channels show that the proposed system is capable of achieving promising bit error rate (BER) performance while preserving the low power and low complexity advantages of ND-NOMA. This new ND-NOMA design enables simultaneous communication among three users using different dimensions, paving the way for scalable multi-user communication in noise-domain systems and in the Internet-of-things (IoT) environments.

Problem

• Extends noise-domain NOMA to support three-user communication
• Embeds information in mean, variance and correlation dimensions
• Maintains low power and low complexity for IoT systems

Innovation

• Introduces correlation as third dimension for three-user ND-NOMA
• Designs detectors for decoding mean, variance and correlation
• Enables simultaneous three-user communication with low complexity