GPU Parallelization Strategies for Forward and Backward Propagation in Shallow Neural Networks: A CUDA-Based Comparative Study

📅 2026-06-29
📈 Citations: 0
Influential: 0
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🤖 AI Summary
This work addresses the inefficiency of forward and backward propagation in shallow neural networks on GPUs, which stems from memory access bottlenecks. To mitigate this issue, the authors propose a three-tier CUDA-based optimization strategy that integrates tiled shared-memory padding, pre-transposition of weight matrices, and fusion of matrix multiplication (MatMul) with ReLU activation operators. By enhancing memory access patterns, minimizing global memory round trips, and increasing computational density, the approach achieves a 1.41× speedup on an NVIDIA Tesla T4 GPU—reducing execution time from 21.0 seconds to 14.8 seconds. The optimized implementation significantly outperforms both serial CPU and OpenMP-parallelized baselines, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed techniques in accelerating training for shallow neural networks.
📝 Abstract
We present a comparative study of CUDA optimization strategies applied to forward and backward propagation in a shallow neural network. Three stacked optimizations are evaluated: (1) tiled shared memory with bank-conflict elimination via +1-column padding, (2) pre-transposed weight matrices for coalesced global memory access, and (3) a fused MatMul+ReLU kernel that eliminates intermediate global-memory round-trips. Experiments on an NVIDIA Tesla T4 (CUDA 13.0) across three dataset sizes show that the fully optimized implementation achieves a 1.41x speedup over the baseline CUDA version on the large dataset (25,600 samples), reducing execution time from 21.0s to 14.8s. Results are compared against a sequential CPU baseline and an OpenMP parallel implementation, demonstrating the effectiveness of memory-access optimization in GPU-accelerated deep learning primitives.
Problem

Research questions and friction points this paper is trying to address.

GPU parallelization
forward propagation
backward propagation
shallow neural networks
CUDA optimization
Innovation

Methods, ideas, or system contributions that make the work stand out.

CUDA optimization
shared memory tiling
memory coalescing
kernel fusion
GPU acceleration
R
Rania Zitouni
École Nationale Supérieure d’Informatique (ESI), High Performance Computing (HPC)
N
Nadine Bousdjira
École Nationale Supérieure d’Informatique (ESI), High Performance Computing (HPC)
S
Sarah Hasnaoui
École Nationale Supérieure d’Informatique (ESI), High Performance Computing (HPC)
A
Amel Sadoun
École Nationale Supérieure d’Informatique (ESI), High Performance Computing (HPC)
F
Fatma Salhi
École Nationale Supérieure d’Informatique (ESI), High Performance Computing (HPC)