Model Predictive Current Control with Harmonic Correction for Single-Phase AC-DC EV Charging

2026-06-29

AI Summary

This study addresses the challenge of high total harmonic distortion (THD) in grid current caused by dead-time effects, control delays, and parameter mismatches in single-phase on-board chargers, which conventional model predictive current control struggles to mitigate due to its reliance on discrete switching actions and a limited set of feasible voltage vectors. To overcome this limitation, the paper proposes a duty-cycle-based model predictive current control method that innovatively integrates real-time estimation of dominant low-order harmonics into the predictive control framework. By dynamically adjusting the reference current, the approach enables continuous duty-cycle modulation and targeted suppression of key harmonics. Combining the advantages of continuous control with precise harmonic compensation, the proposed method reduces steady-state current THD from 11.47% to 2.85% in simulation, significantly enhancing power quality.

Abstract

The increasing integration of Electric Vehicles (EVs) has imposed a growing harmonic challenge on the power grid. For AC/DC Power Factor Correction (PFC) in single-phase On-Board Chargers (OBCs), Model Predictive Current Control (MPCC) improves the current quality by predicting and tracking the inductor current. However, finite control set MPCC selects switching states, resulting in discrete control actions and a limited optimisation space. Moreover, the MPCC cost function based on instantaneous current tracking error has limited capability to compensate for low-order harmonic disturbances induced by dead time, control delay, and model parameter mismatch. This paper proposes a duty cycle predictive MPCC incorporating a real-time harmonic estimation reference. The proposed method dynamically estimates the low-order harmonic components of the input current and corrects the MPCC reference current, enabling continuous duty cycle control and targeted suppression of dominant low-order harmonics. Simulation results on a single-phase OBC demonstrate that the proposed duty cycle predictive MPCC reduces the steady-state current THD_i from 11.47% to 6.10% compared with the switching state predictive MPCC. With the harmonic reference, the THD_i is further reduced to 2.85%.

Problem

• harmonic distortion
• model predictive current control
• power factor correction
• electric vehicle charging
• low-order harmonics

Innovation

• Model Predictive Current Control
• Harmonic Correction
• Duty Cycle Modulation
• Power Factor Correction
• Electric Vehicle Charging