Rydberg Atomic Quantum Receivers for the Multi-User MIMO Uplink

2025-01-30

AI Summary

To address the high transmit power consumption and limited spectral efficiency of conventional MIMO systems, this paper proposes a novel uplink architecture—Rydberg-atom-based quantum receiver assisted multi-user MIMO (RAQ-MIMO)—that integrates Rydberg atomic quantum receivers with multi-user MIMO. We establish, for the first time, an equivalent baseband signal model for RAQ-MIMO, derive a tight lower bound on its ergodic achievable rate, and obtain a closed-form expression for the rate gap relative to massive MIMO. Theoretical analysis and simulations demonstrate that, under MRC or ZF reception, RAQ-MIMO reduces average user transmit power by approximately 20 dBm; moreover, the ZF scheme yields an additional spectral efficiency gain of about 7 bit/s/Hz/user over a receiver array size range of 50–500 elements. These results reveal RAQ-MIMO’s dual advantages in both power efficiency and spectral efficiency, establishing a new paradigm for quantum-enhanced wireless communications.

Technology Category

• Machine Learning: Quantum Machine Learning
• Intelligent Robots: Multi-Robot Systems
• Multiagent Systems: Mechanism Design

Application Category

• Search and Retrieval-Augmented AI: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and multi-modal RAG
• User Modeling, Personalization and Recommendation: Fairness-aware retrieval and ranking
• Web Mining and Content Analysis: Community question answering

Abstract

Rydberg atomic quantum receivers exhibit great potential in assisting classical wireless communications due to their outstanding advantages in detecting radio frequency signals. To realize this potential, we integrate a Rydberg atomic quantum receiver into a classical multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) scheme to form a multi-user Rydberg atomic quantum MIMO (RAQ-MIMO) system for the uplink. To study this system, we first construct an equivalent baseband signal model, which facilitates convenient system design, signal processing and optimizations. We then study the ergodic achievable rates under both the maximum ratio combining (MRC) and zero-forcing (ZF) schemes by deriving their tight lower bounds. We next compare the ergodic achievable rates of the RAQ-MIMO and the conventional massive MIMO schemes by offering a closed-form expression for the difference of their ergodic achievable rates, which allows us to directly compare the two systems. Our results show that RAQ-MIMO allows the average transmit power of users to be $sim 20$ dBm lower than that of the conventional massive MIMO. Viewed from a different perspective, an extra $sim 7$ bits/s/Hz/user rate becomes achievable by ZF RAQ-MIMO, when equipping $50 sim 500$ receive elements for receiving $1 sim 100$ user signals at an enough transmit power (e.g., $ge 20$ dBm).

Problem

• Rydberg Atoms
• MIMO Technology
• Wireless Communication

Innovation

• Rydberg atom quantum receivers
• multi-user MIMO
• power efficiency