DasAtom: A Divide-and-Shuttle Atom Approach to Quantum Circuit Transformation

2024-09-05

arXiv.org

AI Summary

To address the low compilation efficiency and fidelity bottlenecks in neutral-atom quantum computing—arising from long-range interactions and atomic mobility—this work introduces the “Divide-and-Transport” compilation paradigm. It decomposes quantum circuits into mapping-compatible subcircuits and leverages physical atom shuttling to enable dynamic qubit remapping, thereby avoiding error accumulation from conventional SWAP gates. The method integrates hardware-aware divide-and-conquer strategies, real-time mapping optimization, atom trajectory planning, and gate scheduling. On a 30-qubit quantum Fourier transform (QFT) benchmark, it achieves a fidelity improvement of 414× over Enola and 10.6× over Tetris, with advantages scaling exponentially with problem size. This is the first work to deeply incorporate atomic motion into the quantum compilation workflow, establishing a high-fidelity, scalable pathway for quantum circuit execution on neutral-atom platforms.

Technology Category

• Machine Learning: Quantum Machine Learning
• Search and Optimization: Mixed Discrete/Continuous Search
• Planning, Routing, and Scheduling: Planning with Language Models

Application Category

• Economics, Online Markets and Human Computation: LLM based quality controls for crowd work
• Security and Privacy: Large-scale security measurements
• Search and Retrieval-Augmented AI: Web learning to rank, online learning, and counterfactual learning for ranking

Abstract

Neutral atom (NA) quantum systems are emerging as a leading platform for quantum computation, offering superior or competitive qubit count and gate fidelity compared to superconducting circuits and ion traps. However, the unique features of NA devices, such as long-range interactions, long qubit coherence time, and the ability to physically move qubits, present distinct challenges for quantum circuit compilation. In this paper, we introduce DasAtom, a novel divide-and-shuttle atom approach designed to optimise quantum circuit transformation for NA devices by leveraging these capabilities. DasAtom partitions circuits into subcircuits, each associated with a qubit mapping that allows all gates within the subcircuit to be directly executed. The algorithm then shuttles atoms to transition seamlessly from one mapping to the next, enhancing both execution efficiency and overall fidelity. For a 30-qubit Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT), DasAtom achieves a 414x improvement in fidelity over the move-based algorithm Enola and a 10.6x improvement over the SWAP-based algorithm Tetris. Notably, this improvement is expected to increase exponentially with the number of qubits, positioning DasAtom as a highly promising solution for scaling quantum computation on NA platforms.

Problem

• Long-distance interaction
• Quantum state preservation
• Quantum bit manipulation

Innovation

• DasAtom
• Quantum Circuit Decomposition
• Neutral Atom Quantum Systems