Cooperative Base Station Assignment and Resource Allocation for 6G ISAC Network

2025-09-12

AI Summary

In 6G integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) networks, multi-base-station (BS) cooperation suffers from strong coupling between communication and sensing performance, limiting joint optimization. Method: This paper proposes a Coupled BS Assignment and Resource Allocation (CBARA) framework to jointly optimize BS assignment and resource allocation. A bi-objective non-convex optimization model is formulated, maximizing achievable communication rate and the reciprocal of the posterior Cramér–Rao lower bound (PCRLB)—a metric for sensing accuracy—subject to practical constraints including transmit power and bandwidth. To address severe variable coupling, a heuristic alternating optimization algorithm is designed for efficient solution. Contribution/Results: Experiments demonstrate that the proposed CBARA framework improves communication rate by 117% and enhances sensing accuracy—specifically localization and velocity estimation—by 40% over conventional schemes. It significantly advances the joint performance frontier and cooperative efficacy of multi-BS ISAC systems.

Technology Category

• Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization: Distributed CSP/Optimization
• Planning, Routing, and Scheduling: Optimization of Spatio-temporal Systems
• Search and Optimization: Sampling/Simulation-based Search

Application Category

• Search and Retrieval-Augmented AI: Web evaluation methodologies and metrics
• Systems and Infrastructure for Web, Mobile and WoT: Virtualization and resource management in Web systems and infrastructures
• Semantics and Knowledge: Methods to enhance, augment, integrate or synergize semantic models such as knowledge graphs and LLMs

Abstract

In the upcoming 6G networks, integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) will be able to provide a performance boost in both perception and wireless connectivity. This paper considers a multiple base station (BS) architecture to support the comprehensive services of data transmission and multi-target sensing. In this context, a cooperative BS assignment and resource allocation (CBARA) strategy is proposed in this paper, aiming at jointly optimizing the communication and sensing (C&S) performance. The posterior Cramer-Rao lower bound and the achievable rate with respect to transmit power and bandwidth are derived and utilized as optimization criteria for the CBARA scheme. We develop a heuristic alternating optimization algorithm to obtain an effective sub-optimal solution for the non-convex optimization problem caused by multiple coupled variables. Numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed solution, which achieves a performance improvement of 117% in communication rate and 40% in sensing accuracy, compared to the classic scheme.

Problem

• Optimizing cooperative base station assignment for 6G ISAC networks
• Jointly allocating resources between communication and sensing functions
• Solving non-convex optimization with coupled power and bandwidth variables

Innovation

• Cooperative base station assignment strategy
• Heuristic alternating optimization algorithm
• Joint communication and sensing optimization