Tesla meets Helstrom: a Wireless-Powered Quantum Optical System

2025-09-09

AI Summary

This work investigates a batteryless quantum optical communication system powered wirelessly via radio-frequency energy harvesting, where quantum coherent states are transmitted using M-ary phase-shift keying (M-PSK) over a thermal-noise optical channel. Addressing the temporal coupling between energy harvesting and quantum measurement within each coherence block, we propose a joint optimization framework that simultaneously designs the energy-harvesting time fraction and the quantum-optimal detection strategy—based on the Helstrom bound—and formulate it as a semidefinite program. We theoretically establish the unimodality of the achievable rate with respect to the harvesting time fraction and derive closed-form solutions for special cases. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed joint optimization significantly improves the effective rate, closely approaching the fundamental quantum limit. The key contribution lies in the first integrated design of energy-harvesting scheduling and quantum-optimal detection for M-PSK coherent-state transmission, establishing a practical, resource-aware rate-maximization paradigm for energy-constrained quantum communication systems.

Technology Category

• Machine Learning: Quantum Machine Learning
• Search and Optimization: Learning to Search
• Planning, Routing, and Scheduling: Optimization of Spatio-temporal Systems

Application Category

• Systems and Infrastructure for Web, Mobile and WoT: Energy management for devices in mobile Web and WoT environments
• Search and Retrieval-Augmented AI: Efficiency and scalability of Web search engines
• Security and Privacy: Large-scale security measurements

Abstract

This letter investigates a novel wireless-powered quantum optical communication system, in which a batteryless quantum transmitter harvests energy from a classical radio-frequency source to transmit quantum coherent states. The transmission employs M-ary phase shift keying (M-PSK) modulation over an optical channel impaired by thermal noise, and the fundamental detection performance is evaluated using the Helstrom bound. An optimization framework is proposed that jointly determines the optimal quantum measurement and the energy-harvesting time fraction to maximize the effective rate under a block time constraint. Analytical expressions are derived for special cases, while semidefinite programming techniques are employed for the general M-PSK scenario. Numerical results validate the unimodal nature of the effective rate function and demonstrate the impact of the optimal design parameters.

Problem

• Wireless-powered quantum optical system with energy harvesting
• Optimizing quantum measurement and energy harvesting time
• Maximizing effective rate under block time constraint

Innovation

• Wireless-powered quantum optical communication system
• M-PSK modulation over thermal noise channel
• Joint optimization of quantum measurement and energy-harvesting