🤖 AI Summary
To address the inaccuracy of macroscopic constitutive relations arising from microscale heterogeneity in complex multiscale systems, this work proposes an energy-equivalence-based multiscale constitutive framework. The method unifies continuous and discrete microstructural configurations for the first time, employing variational energy equivalence and a generalized Hill–Mandel condition to rigorously enforce the principle of virtual work. This yields a high-order macroscopic constitutive model that explicitly couples couple-stress effects, higher-order gradient terms, and nonlocal fluxes. Crucially, the framework transcends classical Cauchy homogenization limitations, enabling heterogeneous finite representative volume element (RVE) modeling and microstructure-sensitive tensor decomposition. Numerical validation demonstrates that the proposed framework improves prediction accuracy for multiscale mechanical responses—including pressure, torsion, and flow-directional behavior—by over 35% compared to conventional homogenization approaches.