🤖 AI Summary
This study addresses the high cost of full-scale performance regression testing in large-scale continuous integration (CI), where existing approaches struggle to balance submission heterogeneity and resource efficiency. The work proposes the first framework integrating commit-level regression risk prediction with dynamic batching, introducing novel risk-aware scheduling strategies such as Risk-Aged Priority Batching (RAPB). Leveraging real-world Mozilla Firefox datasets, the authors fine-tune ModernBERT, CodeBERT, and LLaMA-3.1 models to predict regression risk and validate their approach through CI simulation. The optimal configuration, RAPB-la, reduces test execution volume by 32.4%, shortens average feedback time by 3.8%, decreases maximum localization latency by 26.2%, and yields an estimated annual infrastructure cost saving of approximately $491,000.
📝 Abstract
Performance regression testing is essential in large-scale continuous-integration (CI) systems, yet executing full performance suites for every commit is prohibitively expensive. Prior work on performance regression prediction and batch testing has shown independent benefits, but each faces practical limitations: predictive models are rarely integrated into CI decision-making, and conventional batching strategies ignore commit-level heterogeneity.
We unify these strands by introducing a risk-aware framework that integrates machine-learned commit risk with adaptive batching. Using Mozilla Firefox as a case study, we construct a production-derived dataset of human-confirmed regressions aligned chronologically with Autoland, and fine-tune ModernBERT, CodeBERT, and LLaMA-3.1 variants to estimate commit-level performance regression risk, achieving up to 0.694 ROC-AUC with CodeBERT. The risk scores drive a family of risk-aware batching strategies, including Risk-Aged Priority Batching and Risk-Adaptive Stream Batching, evaluated through realistic CI simulations.
Across thousands of historical Firefox commits, our best overall configuration, Risk-Aged Priority Batching with linear aggregation (RAPB-la), yields a Pareto improvement over Mozilla's production-inspired baseline. RAPB-la reduces total test executions by 32.4%, decreases mean feedback time by 3.8%, maintains mean time-to-culprit at approximately the baseline level, reduces maximum time-to-culprit by 26.2%, and corresponds to an estimated annual infrastructure cost savings of approximately $491K under our cost model. These results demonstrate that risk-aware batch testing can reduce CI resource consumption while improving diagnostic timeliness. To support reproducibility and future research, we release a complete replication package containing all datasets, fine-tuning pipelines, and implementations of our batching algorithms.