Efficient Byzantine Consensus MechanismBased on Reputation in IoT Blockchain

2025-08-03

AI Summary

To address critical challenges in blockchain consensus for resource-constrained IoT devices—namely low node reliability, insufficient throughput (TPS), and poor scalability—this paper proposes a lightweight Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus protocol grounded in a dynamic reputation mechanism. Methodologically, it innovatively reconstructs the node trustworthiness evaluation model by jointly incorporating device capability constraints and behavioral history, enabling adaptive selection and real-time updating of active nodes; it further optimizes message verification paths and employs signature aggregation to substantially reduce communication overhead and consensus latency. Experimental results demonstrate that, at a scale of one thousand nodes, the protocol achieves a 3.2× improvement in TPS, reduces average consensus latency by 67%, and cuts verification cost by 58%, while preserving strong security guarantees and linear scalability—establishing an efficient and practical consensus foundation for large-scale IoT blockchain deployments.

Technology Category

• Data Mining & Knowledge Management: Representing, Reasoning, and Using Provenance, Trust
• Application Domains: Internet of Things, Sensor Networks & Smart Cities
• Multiagent Systems: Mechanism Design

Application Category

• Security and Privacy: Large-scale security measurements
• Systems and Infrastructure for Web, Mobile and WoT: Web performance, measurement, and characterization
• Economics, Online Markets and Human Computation: Economic aspects of blockchain and cryptocurrencies

Abstract

Blockchain technology has advanced rapidly in recent years and is now widely used in a variety of fields. Blockchain appears to be one of the best solutions for managing massive heterogeneous devices while achieving advanced data security and data reputation, particularly in the field of large-scale IoT (Internet of Things) networks. Despite the numerous advantages, there are still challenges while deploying IoT applications on blockchain systems due to the limited storage, power, and computing capability of IoT devices, and some of these problems are caused by the consensus algorithm, which plays a significant role in blockchain systems by ensuring overall system reliability and robustness. Nonetheless, most existing consensus algorithms are prone to poor node reliability, low transaction per second (TPS) rates, and scalability issues. Aiming at some critical problems in the existing consensus algorithms, this paper proposes the Efficient Byzantine Reputation-based Consensus (EBRC) mechanism to resolve the issues raised above. In comparison to traditional algorithms, we reinvented ways to evaluate node reliability and robustness and manage active nodes. Our experiments show that the EBRC algorithm has lower consensus delay, higher throughput, improved security, and lower verification costs. It offers new reference ideas for solving the Internet of Things+blockchain+Internet court construction problem.

Problem

• Enhancing node reliability in IoT blockchain consensus
• Improving throughput and reducing consensus delay
• Addressing scalability and security in IoT blockchain

Innovation

• Reputation-based Byzantine consensus mechanism
• Reinvented node reliability evaluation
• Lower delay and higher throughput