A Multi-physics Model of Flow from Coronary Angiography: Insights into Microvascular Function
🤖 AI Summary
Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) affects millions globally, yet clinical adoption of invasive diagnostic indices—such as the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) and coronary flow reserve (CFR)—remains limited due to procedural complexity and inter-study variability. To address this, we propose a novel non-invasive paradigm leveraging coronary angiographic image dynamics: a 3D–0D coupled multiphysics computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model that uniquely incorporates contrast intensity profiles (CIPs) as quantitative phenotypic biomarkers within the simulation framework, explicitly modeling contrast injection and washout. Sensitivity analysis reveals that microvascular resistance exerts dominant, nonlinear control over CIP shape—its influence markedly exceeds that of capacitive parameters and intensifies with increasing resistance. After calibration against clinical angiographic data, the model yields physiologically plausible outputs. This work establishes a translational, mechanism-driven methodology for non-invasive, quantitative CMD diagnosis grounded in routine imaging.
Application Category
📝 Abstract
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and Coronary Microvascular Disease (CMD) can lead to insufficient blood flow to the myocardium, affecting millions of people globally. Coronary angiography, one of the most commonly used imaging modalities, offers valuable information that assists in diagnosing these diseases. However, these benefits are not fully understood or utilized in current clinical practice. In this study, a 3D-0D coupled multi-physics computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed and calibrated to simulate and better understand the process of contrast injection and washout during clinical angiography. A contrast intensity profile (CIP) was introduced to capture the dynamics of coronary angiography data. Additionally, a sensitivity study was conducted to assess the influence of various coronary artery model parameters on CIP. The results demonstrate that the calibrated 3D-0D coupled multi-physics models are physiologically meaningful and produce accurate hemodynamic results. The sensitivity study further reveals that resistance has a greater impact on CIP than capacitance, with higher resistance amplifying this effect.
Problem
Research questions and friction points this paper is trying to address.
Develops a multi-physics model to analyze coronary angiography flow data
Evaluates microvascular function using contrast intensity profiles (CIP)
Assesses impact of resistance and capacitance on hemodynamic outcomes
Innovation
Methods, ideas, or system contributions that make the work stand out.
3D-0D coupled multi-physics CFD model
Contrast intensity profile (CIP) analysis
Sensitivity studies on LPM parameters
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