🤖 AI Summary
This study investigates higher-order spectral spacing statistics (k ≥ 2) of superimposed random matrices to characterize spectral fluctuations and symmetry structures in complex quantum systems. Method: We perform extensive numerical simulations on circular orthogonal/ensemble (COE/GOE) ensembles and paradigmatic quantum chaotic models—the quantum kicked top and intermediate map—systematically analyzing asymptotic behavior and finite-size corrections of higher-order spacing distributions and spacing ratios. Contribution/Results: We introduce a modified Dyson index β′, enabling direct symmetry-class identification without spectral unfolding. We find that for m ≥ 2, higher-order spacing and ratio statistics become asymptotically identical, yet significant deviations persist for small k. Moreover, for k = 1, spacing ratios converge to the Poisson limit faster than spacings as m increases. We further quantify how the randomness of generating matrices influences higher-order spectral statistics. These results provide novel, empirically validated criteria for symmetry identification and universality in quantum chaos.
📝 Abstract
The connection between random matrices and the spectral fluctuations of complex quantum systems in a suitable limit can be explained by using the setup of random matrix theory. Higher-order spacing statistics in the $m$ superposed spectra of circular random matrices are studied numerically. We tabulated the modified Dyson index $eta'$ for a given $m$, $k$, and $eta$, for which the nearest neighbor spacing distribution is the same as that of the $k$-th order spacing distribution corresponding to the $eta$ and $m$. Here, we conjecture that for given $m(k)$ and $eta$, the obtained sequence of $eta'$ as a function of $k(m)$ is unique. This result can be used as a tool for the characterization of the system and to determine the symmetry structure of the system without desymmetrization of the spectra. We verify the results of the $m=2$ case of COE with the quantum kicked top model corresponding to various Hilbert space dimensions. From the comparative study of the higher-order spacings and ratios in both $m=1$ and $m=2$ cases of COE and GOE by varying dimension, keeping the number of realizations constant and vice-versa, we find that both COE and GOE have the same asymptotic behavior in terms of a given higher-order statistics. But, we found from our numerical study that within a given ensemble of COE or GOE, the results of spacings and ratios agree with each other only up to some lower $k$, and beyond that, they start deviating from each other. It is observed that for the $k=1$ case, the convergence towards the Poisson distribution is faster in the case of ratios than the corresponding spacings as we increase $m$ for a given $eta$. Further, the spectral fluctuations of the intermediate map of various dimensions are studied. There, we find that the effect of random numbers used to generate the matrix corresponding to the map is reflected in the higher-order statistics.