Heterogeneous Cross-Chain Transaction Tracing for Solana Bridges via Candidate-Set Selective Decision

2026-09-10

AI Summary

本文针对Solana跨链交易追踪问题，提出了一种基于候选集选择性决策的方法SolTracer，有效提高了跨链交易关联的准确性。

Abstract

Solana is a rapidly growing high-throughput blockchain platform that has attracted substantial liquidity and user activity. However, this expansion has also drawn the attention of illicit actors, who frequently leverage cross-chain bridges to route illicit funds onto Solana to obfuscate transaction lineage. Unlike EVM-compatible platforms, Solana features distinct execution dynamics and lacks standard event logs, creating severe semantic gaps that prevent existing tracing methods from reliably correlating cross-ledger transactions. In this paper, we formalize four types of Solana-bound cross-chain transaction modes and propose a candidate-set selective decision-based tracing method called SolTracer. SolTracer maps disparate execution semantics into a unified event space and employs candidate-set selective decision-making to reliably associate target transactions while abstaining when valid targets are absent. Extensive experiments demonstrate that SolTracer outperforms state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods across three representative scenarios: closed-world association, open-world association, and cross-source-chain generalization. In particular, under the challenging open-world setting with a 50% TA ratio, SolTracer improves the F1 score by 20.16% over the strongest SOTA baseline. Utilizing SolTracer, we conduct an empirical analysis on real-world cross-chain transfers to investigate ecosystem dynamics. Our analysis explores the stark count-value divergence across bridge mechanisms, the prevalence of cross-asset shifts, and the decoupling between on-chain settlement and explorer visibility.

Problem

• Heterogeneous Cross-Chain
• Transaction Tracing
• Solana Bridges
• Illicit Funds
• Semantic Gaps

Innovation

• candidate-set selective decision
• cross-chain transaction tracing
• Solana
• unified event space