Satellite Navigation: A Transmitting Intelligent Surface (TIS)-aided Indoor System

📅 2026-05-26
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🤖 AI Summary
This study addresses the challenge of unreliable Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning in indoor environments by introducing, for the first time, a Transmissive Intelligent Surface (TIS) to establish extended line-of-sight links that guide GNSS signals indoors. The authors propose a three-stage TIS-assisted positioning algorithm (TSIPA) that integrates the known TIS array geometry with angle-of-arrival (AoA) measurements to achieve high-precision user localization. A novel metric, termed TPDoP (TIS Position Dilution of Precision), is innovatively defined to quantify the geometric degradation induced by TIS deployment, complemented by root-mean-square error (RMSE) for comprehensive performance evaluation. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach effectively extends GNSS coverage into indoor settings and significantly enhances both positioning accuracy and reliability.
📝 Abstract
A transmitting intelligent surfaces (TISs) aided satellite indoor navigation system is investigated. By leveraging the unique features of TIS, we address the limitations of conventional global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) in providing reliable positioning services within indoor environments. To facilitate the extension of GNSS indoor signals, we establish an extended line-of-sight link using TIS which has the capability to change signal direction. A three-stage TIS-aided satellite indoor positioning algorithm (TSIPA), which utilizes the positions of TIS arrays and the angle of arrival, is proposed to locate indoor users. To evaluate the distribution of TIS arrays, we propose TIS position dilution of precision (TPDoP) to evaluate centroid deviation and utilize the root mean square error (RMSE) to represent compactness.
Problem

Research questions and friction points this paper is trying to address.

satellite navigation
indoor positioning
global navigation satellite systems
transmitting intelligent surface
Innovation

Methods, ideas, or system contributions that make the work stand out.

Transmitting Intelligent Surface
Indoor GNSS
TSIPA
TPDoP
Angle of Arrival
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