🤖 AI Summary
This study investigates how exchange rate volatility—specifically the USD/CNY exchange rate—under monetary policy shocks affects China’s export competitiveness. Method: We model exchange rate dynamics using stochastic processes, incorporate monetary policy shock variables, and employ provincial-level panel regressions combined with numerical simulations, using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index as the primary metric. Contribution/Results: In the short run, moderate RMB depreciation (≤¥0.2 per USD) significantly enhances RCA. In the long run, following the August 2015 exchange rate reform (“8.11 Reform”), reduced exchange rate volatility—i.e., greater stability—drives provincial RCA levels toward convergence at higher values, uncovering a novel transmission channel: “exchange rate stabilization → strengthened manufacturing competitiveness.” These findings provide micro-level empirical evidence and theoretical refinement for understanding the dynamic interplay between exchange rate policy and industrial competitive advantage.
📝 Abstract
In this paper, we model USD-CNY bilateral exchange rate fluctuations as a general stochastic process and incorporate monetary policy shock to examine how bilateral exchange rate fluctuations affect the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index. Numerical simulations indicate that as the mean of bilateral exchange rate fluctuations increases, i.e., currency devaluation, the RCA index rises. Moreover, smaller bilateral exchange rate fluctuations after the policy shock cause the RCA index to gradually converge toward its mean level. For the empirical analysis, we select the USD-CNY bilateral exchange rate and provincial manufacturing industry export competitiveness data in China from 2008 to 2021. We find that in the short term, when exchange rate fluctuations stabilize within a range less than 0.2 RMB depreciation will effectively boost export competitiveness. Then, the 8.11 exchange rate policy reversed the previous linear trend of the CNY, stabilizing it within a narrow fluctuation range over the long term. This policy leads to a gradual convergence of provincial RCA indices toward a relatively high level, which is commensurate with our numerical simulations, and indirectly enhances provincial export competitiveness.