Problem
Research questions and friction points this paper is trying to address.
color naming
color categories
perceptual stability
color perception
naming consistency
Not All Color Categories Are Equally Stable: A Multilingual Free Color Naming Experiment
🤖 AI Summary
This study investigates cross-linguistic differences in the perceptual stability of color categories through a free-naming task involving native speakers of Kazakh, Russian, and English. Participants named 18 color samples from the COLIBRI dataset spanning red, yellow, and green hues at varying levels of lightness and saturation. Quantitative analysis revealed significant non-uniformity in naming consistency across the three categories: green exhibited the highest stability, consistently labeled as “green” despite perceptual variations; yellow showed the lowest stability, frequently mislabeled as “gold” or “brown”; and red demonstrated intermediate consistency. These findings provide empirical cross-linguistic support for models of color cognition and suggest that certain color categories—particularly green—possess broader perceptual tolerance intervals than others.
📝 Abstract
Color naming is an important part of human color perception. Its task is to allow people to describe continuous colors using discrete color categories. However, the boundaries between color categories are often unclear, and some colors may be perceived differently depending on their saturation and brightness. While certain color categories remain recognizable across a wide range of shades, others may be associated with different color names when their appearance changes. This study investigates the consistency of color naming for red, yellow, and green color categories using a free color-naming experiment. A set of 18 color samples was selected from the COLIBRI dataset to represent different shades of these colors. Participants (n = 92) were asked to freely assign color names to each sample in Kazakh, Russian, or English without being limited to predefined categories. The results show that color categories differ in their consistency. Green shades were consistently identified as green despite variations in appearance, whereas yellow shades received a wider variety of names, including gold- and brown-related descriptions. Red shades showed moderate naming consistency. Our findings suggest that some color categories occupy broader perceptual regions than others and may therefore be more robust to visual variations. The study results can be used to develop perceptually meaningful color models and color naming systems.
Innovation
Methods, ideas, or system contributions that make the work stand out.
color naming
perceptual stability
cross-lingual experiment
color categories
free naming task
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