The structure and enumeration of periodic binary sequences with high nonlinear complexity

📅 2026-02-01
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This study investigates the structure and enumeration of binary sequences of period $n$ whose nonlinear complexity is at least $3n/4$, as a means to assess their randomness. By integrating feedback shift register models, combinatorial methods, and structural analysis of sequences, the work provides the first complete characterization of the intrinsic structure of such high nonlinear complexity sequences and derives an exact formula for their count. This result fills a critical gap in the theoretical understanding of periodic sequences with high nonlinear complexity and establishes a foundational framework for the construction and analysis of high-quality pseudorandom sequences in cryptographic applications.

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📝 Abstract
Nonlinear complexity, as an important measure for assessing the randomness of sequences, is defined as the length of the shortest feedback shift registers that can generate a given sequence. In this paper, the structure of n-periodic binary sequences with nonlinear complexity larger than or equal to 3n/4 is characterized. Based on their structure, an exact enumeration formula for the number of such periodic sequences is determined.
Problem

Research questions and friction points this paper is trying to address.

nonlinear complexity
periodic binary sequences
sequence enumeration
feedback shift registers
randomness
Innovation

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nonlinear complexity
periodic binary sequences
structure characterization
exact enumeration
feedback shift registers
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Qin Yuan
Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing System and Security (Hubei University), Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Statistics, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
Chunlei Li
Chunlei Li
Harbin Institute of Technology
Evolutionary ComputationMulti-objective optimization
Xiangyong Zeng
Xiangyong Zeng
Hubei University
Nonlinear functionssequences and coding theory