Anti-Jamming Optimization for EM-Compliant Active RIS via Decoupling Architecture

2026-04-18

AI Summary

This work addresses the growing complexity of interference attacks in wireless communications and the limited efficacy of existing anti-jamming techniques by proposing an active reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) model that explicitly accounts for practical hardware characteristics, including electromagnetic coupling, impedance mismatch, and discrete phase shifts. By introducing a decoupled architecture, the strongly coupled system is transformed into a scalable, uncoupled form. A low-complexity alternating optimization algorithm is then devised to maximize the ergodic achievable rate. Notably, this approach is the first to explicitly model mutual coupling effects and channel correlation within an anti-jamming active RIS framework. The proposed method significantly reduces both modeling and optimization complexity while effectively enhancing system robustness against interference and lowering iterative overhead.

Technology Category

• Search and Optimization: Mixed Discrete/Continuous Search
• Intelligent Robots: Multi-Robot Systems
• Planning, Routing, and Scheduling: Optimization of Spatio-temporal Systems

Application Category

• User Modeling, Personalization and Recommendation: Attacks and countermeasures in recommendation systems
• Systems and Infrastructure for Web, Mobile and WoT: Applied ML and AI for Web-based mobile applications
• Search and Retrieval-Augmented AI: Assisted, interactive, and conversational search

Abstract

Wireless communication systems are increasingly vulnerable to sophisticated jamming attacks with the rapid evolution of jamming technologies and advanced signal processing techniques. While traditional anti-jamming techniques offer limited performance gains, active reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have emerged as a promising channel-domain solution for improving resilience against jamming. Nonetheless, existing studies often rely on simplified electromagnetic (EM) models that do not fully capture mutual coupling (MC) and impedance mismatches in RIS hardware. In this paper, we propose an EM-compliant active (EMC-Active) RIS model for anti-jamming systems, explicitly incorporating the EM and physical properties at active RIS, such as MC effects, channel correlation, and discrete phase. To evaluate the anti-jamming performance of the proposed EMC-Active RIS, we develop a low-complexity alternating optimization (AO) algorithm based on the decoupling architecture (DA) to maximize the ergodic achievable rate. By leveraging the DA to explicitly eliminate MC effects among REs, the original coupled system is transformed into a tractable and scalable uncoupled representation. Numerical results demonstrate that the DA-based AO algorithm can significantly reduce the modeling and optimization complexity and efficiently solve the problem in an alternating manner with substantially reduced iteration overhead.

Problem

• anti-jamming
• reconfigurable intelligent surface
• mutual coupling
• electromagnetic compliance
• active RIS

Innovation

• EM-compliant active RIS
• mutual coupling
• decoupling architecture
• anti-jamming optimization
• alternating optimization