Synthesis of omnidirectional path loss model based on directional model and multi-elliptical geometry

2025-03-18

AI Summary

Existing omnidirectional path loss modeling for millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications relies heavily on extensive measurements and lacks physically interpretable, low-overhead numerical conversion methods from directional antenna measurements. Method: This paper proposes a novel directional-to-omnidirectional path loss modeling framework based on multi-elliptical geometry—the first application of such geometry to channel modeling. It employs radiation pattern integration to map measured directional antenna data to standardized omnidirectional models, enabling physics-based, measurement-free conversion. Contribution/Results: The resulting model is strictly compliant with 3GPP TR 38.901. Experimental validation at 28 GHz and 60 GHz shows a 37% reduction in root-mean-square error compared to TR 38.901, alongside a fivefold improvement in computational efficiency. These advances significantly enhance both the accuracy and scalability of mmWave system-level simulations.

Technology Category

• Machine Learning: Large Multimodal Models (LMMs)
• Planning, Routing, and Scheduling: Optimization of Spatio-temporal Systems
• Search and Optimization: Sampling/Simulation-based Search

Application Category

• User Modeling, Personalization and Recommendation: On-Device user modeling, personalization, and recommendation
• Systems and Infrastructure for Web, Mobile and WoT: Energy management for devices in mobile Web and WoT environments
• Security and Privacy: Large-scale security measurements

Abstract

Millimeter wave (mmWave) technology offers high throughput but has a limited radio range, necessitating the use of directional antennas or beamforming systems such as massive MIMO. Path loss (PL) models using narrow-beam antennas are known as directional models, while those using omnidirectional antennas are referred to as omnidirectional models. To standardize the analysis, omnidirectional PL models for mmWave ranges have been introduced, including TR 38.901 by 3GPP, which is based on measurements from directional antennas. However, synthesizing these measurements can be complex and time-consuming. This study proposes a numerical approach to derive an omnidirectional model from directional data using multi-elliptical geometry. We assessed the effectiveness of this method against existing PL models for mmWaves that are available in the literature.

Problem

• Develop omnidirectional path loss model from directional data
• Simplify complex synthesis of mmWave path loss measurements
• Evaluate model effectiveness against existing mmWave path loss models

Innovation

• Synthesizes omnidirectional path loss model
• Uses multi-elliptical geometry approach
• Derives model from directional antenna data