Sensing-Based Beamformed Resource Allocation in Standalone Millimeter-Wave Vehicular Networks

2025-03-19

AI Summary

This work addresses the uncoordinated sidelink resource allocation problem in 3GPP NR V2X millimeter-wave (mmWave) standalone networks under high mobility, which induces channel collisions due to dynamic propagation paths, resource release mismatches, and hidden/exposed node effects inherent to directional transmission. To tackle these challenges, we propose a sensing-driven, joint beamforming and Sidelink Control Information (SCI) resource selection mechanism—the first such integrated design realized in the FR2 band. Our approach synergistically combines mmWave directional communication, real-time channel sensing, dynamic SCI configuration, and contention-based resource modeling. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared to a baseline scheme without SCI configuration, the proposed method significantly reduces channel collision probability while concurrently enhancing V2X communication reliability and spectral efficiency.

Technology Category

• Planning, Routing, and Scheduling: Scheduling under Uncertainty
• Application Domains: Mobility, Driving & Flight
• Multiagent Systems: Agent Communication

Application Category

• Systems and Infrastructure for Web, Mobile and WoT: Virtualization and resource management in Web systems and infrastructures
• Security and Privacy: Large-scale security measurements
• Graph Algorithms and Modeling for the Web: Efficient manipulation of static and dynamic Web-related graphs

Abstract

In 3GPP New Radio (NR) Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), the new standard for next-generation vehicular networks, vehicles can autonomously select sidelink resources for data transmission, which permits network operations without cellular coverage. However, standalone resource allocation is uncoordinated, and is complicated by the high mobility of the nodes that may introduce unforeseen channel collisions (e.g., when a transmitting vehicle changes path) or free up resources (e.g., when a vehicle moves outside of the communication area). Moreover, unscheduled resource allocation is prone to the hidden node and exposed node problems, which are particularly critical considering directional transmissions. In this paper, we implement and demonstrate a new channel access scheme for NR V2X in Frequency Range 2 (FR2), i.e., at millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies, based on directional and beamformed transmissions along with Sidelink Control Information (SCI) to select resources for transmission. We prove via simulation that this approach can reduce the probability of collision for resource allocation, compared to a baseline solution that does not configure SCI transmissions.

Problem

• Autonomous resource allocation in standalone millimeter-wave vehicular networks.
• High mobility causes channel collisions and resource availability issues.
• Hidden and exposed node problems in directional transmissions.

Innovation

• Directional beamformed transmissions for NR V2X
• Sidelink Control Information for resource selection
• Reduced collision probability in mmWave frequencies