GenAIT: Development and Validation of an Objective Generative AI Literacy Test for High School Students

2026-08-26

AI Summary

研究开发并验证了GenAIT，一个针对高中生的生成式AI素养测试工具，通过多种统计方法评估其有效性，适用于群体研究。

Abstract

There is growing international interest in generative AI (GenAI) literacy and its assessment among high school students, but objective assessment in this population remains underdeveloped. This article reports the iterative development and validation of the GenAI Literacy Test (GenAIT), an 18-item multiple-choice test measuring high school students' conceptual knowledge about GenAI, with content spanning technical, practical, and human-impact domains. Expert review of relevance, clarity, and comprehensiveness provided evidence of content validity. In a large-scale survey of 7432 Estonian high school students, we evaluated the psychometric functioning of the Estonian-language GenAIT using confirmatory factor analysis, classical test theory, and item response theory. Results supported approximate unidimensionality, broadly adequate reliability for group-level research (marginal reliability = .72, KR-20 = .69), and good fit of a three-parameter logistic model (RMSEA = .013, TLI = .987, CFI = .990, SRMSR = .021). Measurement precision was sufficient for the majority of students but varied substantially across the latent trait, with lower precision for lower scoring students. GenAIT is therefore more suitable for group-level research than high-stakes individual classification. GenAIT scores were unrelated to perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, and negatively associated with LLM use frequency, suggesting that frequent use and favorable perceptions of AI should not be treated as proxies for conceptual understanding.

Problem

• generative AI literacy
• high school students
• objective assessment

Innovation

• Generative AI Literacy
• Objective Assessment
• High School Students
• Psychometric Validation
• Item Response Theory