UW-OCDM for Low-Altitude UAV Communication and Cooperative Sensing

2026-08-21

AI Summary

本文提出了一种UW-OCDM波形及其通信接收和协同感知方案，以解决低空无人机高动态场景下的集成感知与通信问题。

Abstract

Integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) is a key enabler for uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the low-altitude economy. This paper proposes an ISAC waveform that embeds a unique word (UW) into orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM), termed UW-OCDM, together with corresponding communication reception and cooperative sensing schemes for high-mobility UAV scenarios. For communication, the embedded UW enables timing synchronization and Doppler estimation and compensation without requiring a separate synchronization sequence. A sparse spatio-temporal channel estimation method exploits the common channel support across multiple receive antennas and consecutive UW observations to support reliable data demodulation. For sensing, the deterministic UW serves as a shared prior that allows distributed base stations to construct sensing dictionaries locally without exchanging random payload symbols in real time. A hierarchical multi-target detection and tracking algorithm integrates direct-path interference suppression, kinematic prediction, multi-candidate screening, off-grid refinement, residual verification, and successive interference cancellation for robust localization with reduced search complexity. Simulation results demonstrate reliable communication and localization in highly dynamic UAV scenarios, while the proposed framework retains low-complexity frequency-domain equalization and reduces transmit-reference sharing overhead and multi-static localization complexity.

Problem

• Integrated Sensing and Communications
• UAVs
• Low-Altitude Economy
• High-Mobility Scenarios
• Reliable Communication

Innovation

• UW-OCDM
• timing synchronization
• Doppler estimation and compensation
• sparse spatio-temporal channel estimation
• hierarchical multi-target detection and tracking