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Beijing Friendship Hospital

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The Geometry of Persona: Disentangling Personality from Reasoning in Large Language Models

Dec 07, 2025

Personalized large language models face a fundamental stability–plasticity trade-off: existing alignment methods (e.g., supervised fine-tuning) impose an “alignment tax,” degrading general reasoning capabilities. To address this, we propose Soul Engine—a novel framework that geometrically models personality as a linear, orthogonal subspace to the reasoning subspace within a frozen backbone model, thereby decoupling personality from core reasoning ability. Our approach employs a dual-head architecture, a dynamically context-sampled benchmark dataset (SoulBench), and vector-arithmetic-based personality modulation—enabling zero-shot personality injection and deterministic behavioral control. Experiments demonstrate high-fidelity personality modeling (MSE = 0.011) and manifold-level orthogonality and continuity, verified via T-SNE. Crucially, Soul Engine achieves controllable, high-fidelity personality customization without backbone fine-tuning, preserving full reasoning capability—eliminating the alignment tax while enabling lossless, interpretable personalization.

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The Geometry of Persona: Disentangling Personality from Reasoning in Large Language Models

Dec 07, 2025

Personalized large language models face a fundamental stability–plasticity trade-off: existing alignment methods (e.g., supervised fine-tuning) impose an “alignment tax,” degrading general reasoning capabilities. To address this, we propose Soul Engine—a novel framework that geometrically models personality as a linear, orthogonal subspace to the reasoning subspace within a frozen backbone model, thereby decoupling personality from core reasoning ability. Our approach employs a dual-head architecture, a dynamically context-sampled benchmark dataset (SoulBench), and vector-arithmetic-based personality modulation—enabling zero-shot personality injection and deterministic behavioral control. Experiments demonstrate high-fidelity personality modeling (MSE = 0.011) and manifold-level orthogonality and continuity, verified via T-SNE. Crucially, Soul Engine achieves controllable, high-fidelity personality customization without backbone fine-tuning, preserving full reasoning capability—eliminating the alignment tax while enabling lossless, interpretable personalization.

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