Subcodes of Lambda-Gabidulin Codes for Compact-Ciphertext Cryptography
This work addresses the challenges of large ciphertext sizes and security vulnerabilities arising from algebraic structure leakage in post-quantum cryptography by investigating subspace subcodes of Lambda-Gabidulin codes. Through coordinate scaling, these subcodes are linked to classical subcodes of Gabidulin codes, enabling the first explicit linearized polynomial representation. The study fully characterizes their dimension, encoding structure, and algebraic invariants of their base-field matrix images. Leveraging these insights, a novel random subcode generation method is proposed that conceals algebraic invariants, leading to a new LGS-Niederreiter public-key encryption scheme. At security levels of 128, 192, and 256 bits, this scheme achieves the smallest ciphertext size reported to date while maintaining competitive public-key sizes.