Clinical Knowledge Graph Construction and Evaluation with Multi-LLMs via Retrieval-Augmented Generation
This work addresses the limitations of existing approaches in constructing oncology knowledge graphs from unstructured clinical text, which often lack effective fact verification and semantic consistency. The authors propose an end-to-end KG-RAG framework that integrates multi-agent prompt engineering, retrieval-augmented generation, and ontology-aligned RDF/OWL semantic modeling to directly extract entities, attributes, and relations. To mitigate hallucination and enhance semantic fidelity, the method incorporates an entropy-based uncertainty scoring mechanism and a multi-LLM consensus strategy. Notably, it enables gold-standard-free, self-supervised continuous refinement. Evaluated on PDAC and BRCA patient cohorts, the resulting knowledge graphs demonstrate high clinical credibility, SPARQL compatibility, and significant improvements over baseline methods in precision, relevance, and ontological compliance.