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Juntendo University

Academic institutionasia · jp
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Representative Papers

Energy Balancing Weights for Mediation Analysis

Aug 15, 2026

This study addresses the challenge of model dependence in reconstructing counterfactual distributions for causal mediation analysis by proposing the Energy Balance Weighting Method (EBWMA). By minimizing energy distance to directly approximate target joint distributions via sequential quadratic programming, EBWMA circumvents the need to model treatment mechanisms, mediator density ratios, or outcome regressions, thereby enabling model-free natural effect estimation. Experimental results demonstrate that under nonlinear and skewed data conditions, EBWMA significantly outperforms existing methods with lower bias and root mean squared error, reduced Monte Carlo variability, and optimal covariate balance in real-world applications.

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Latest Papers

Energy Balancing Weights for Mediation Analysis

Aug 15, 2026

This study addresses the challenge of model dependence in reconstructing counterfactual distributions for causal mediation analysis by proposing the Energy Balance Weighting Method (EBWMA). By minimizing energy distance to directly approximate target joint distributions via sequential quadratic programming, EBWMA circumvents the need to model treatment mechanisms, mediator density ratios, or outcome regressions, thereby enabling model-free natural effect estimation. Experimental results demonstrate that under nonlinear and skewed data conditions, EBWMA significantly outperforms existing methods with lower bias and root mean squared error, reduced Monte Carlo variability, and optimal covariate balance in real-world applications.

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