CADSplat: Sparse-View 3D Gaussian Splatting Aided by CAD Models for Robust, Photorealistic Digital-Twin Reconstruction
该研究提出CADSplat框架,通过结合CAD模型先验来优化3D高斯点云,从稀疏视角图像中重建几何准确且逼真的数字孪生。
该研究提出CADSplat框架,通过结合CAD模型先验来优化3D高斯点云,从稀疏视角图像中重建几何准确且逼真的数字孪生。
该研究通过结合时间分解和分布式滞后非线性模型,提出了一种贝叶斯时空框架,以解决疟疾传播中健康结果与环境暴露之间的时间错位问题。
This work investigates whether the ReLU activation function strictly outperforms eventually constant activations—such as truncated ReLU—in expressing Boolean queries within graph neural networks (GNNs). By introducing two formal languages, ReLU-MPLang and Σ-MPLang, the study characterizes the classes of queries expressible over finite undirected graphs with Boolean node features. Leveraging tools from logical expressivity, GNN theory, and formal language analysis, and combining real-coefficient linear combinations with ReLU nonlinearity, the authors rigorously establish—for the first time—that ReLU-MPLang is strictly more expressive than any Σ-MPLang built from eventually constant activation functions. This result demonstrates that ReLU-GNNs are provably superior to {TrReLU, id}-GNNs for Boolean query tasks, revealing ReLU’s unique expressive power in discrete reasoning and resolving a longstanding open problem in the field.
This study addresses the computational expense of calculating betweenness and closeness centrality for nodes in graphs by reframing the problem as a ranking task and proposing an efficient approximation method based on message-passing graph neural networks. Trained on a diverse mixture of synthetic graphs—including Erdős–Rényi, Barabási–Albert, and Gaussian random partition models—the model demonstrates strong generalization across unseen graph structures, notably enhancing the transferability of betweenness centrality estimates. The work also highlights the sensitivity of closeness centrality to community structure as a key challenge. Experimental results show that the model achieves Kendall’s τ of 0.851 for betweenness and 0.894 for closeness on unseen Erdős–Rényi graphs, and scales effectively to large graphs (N=5000) with τ=0.938 for betweenness, while accelerating inference by up to 97.7× compared to exact computation.
This work addresses the challenge that screen-space artifacts in real-world images—such as lens smudges and UI watermarks—are often erroneously reconstructed as floating 3D objects, severely degrading novel view synthesis quality. To resolve this, we propose the first unsupervised framework that jointly optimizes a 3D Gaussian point cloud and a learnable 2D overlay layer. By leveraging multi-view geometric consistency, our method automatically disentangles static artifacts from genuine 3D structure without requiring manual annotations or prior knowledge. Evaluated on both synthetic and real-world datasets, the approach achieves up to a 9 dB PSNR improvement over the original 3D Gaussian Splatting baseline, significantly enhancing reconstruction fidelity while accurately preserving artifact content.
该研究提出CADSplat框架,通过结合CAD模型先验来优化3D高斯点云,从稀疏视角图像中重建几何准确且逼真的数字孪生。
该研究通过结合时间分解和分布式滞后非线性模型,提出了一种贝叶斯时空框架,以解决疟疾传播中健康结果与环境暴露之间的时间错位问题。
This work investigates whether the ReLU activation function strictly outperforms eventually constant activations—such as truncated ReLU—in expressing Boolean queries within graph neural networks (GNNs). By introducing two formal languages, ReLU-MPLang and Σ-MPLang, the study characterizes the classes of queries expressible over finite undirected graphs with Boolean node features. Leveraging tools from logical expressivity, GNN theory, and formal language analysis, and combining real-coefficient linear combinations with ReLU nonlinearity, the authors rigorously establish—for the first time—that ReLU-MPLang is strictly more expressive than any Σ-MPLang built from eventually constant activation functions. This result demonstrates that ReLU-GNNs are provably superior to {TrReLU, id}-GNNs for Boolean query tasks, revealing ReLU’s unique expressive power in discrete reasoning and resolving a longstanding open problem in the field.
This study addresses the computational expense of calculating betweenness and closeness centrality for nodes in graphs by reframing the problem as a ranking task and proposing an efficient approximation method based on message-passing graph neural networks. Trained on a diverse mixture of synthetic graphs—including Erdős–Rényi, Barabási–Albert, and Gaussian random partition models—the model demonstrates strong generalization across unseen graph structures, notably enhancing the transferability of betweenness centrality estimates. The work also highlights the sensitivity of closeness centrality to community structure as a key challenge. Experimental results show that the model achieves Kendall’s τ of 0.851 for betweenness and 0.894 for closeness on unseen Erdős–Rényi graphs, and scales effectively to large graphs (N=5000) with τ=0.938 for betweenness, while accelerating inference by up to 97.7× compared to exact computation.
This work addresses the challenge that screen-space artifacts in real-world images—such as lens smudges and UI watermarks—are often erroneously reconstructed as floating 3D objects, severely degrading novel view synthesis quality. To resolve this, we propose the first unsupervised framework that jointly optimizes a 3D Gaussian point cloud and a learnable 2D overlay layer. By leveraging multi-view geometric consistency, our method automatically disentangles static artifacts from genuine 3D structure without requiring manual annotations or prior knowledge. Evaluated on both synthetic and real-world datasets, the approach achieves up to a 9 dB PSNR improvement over the original 3D Gaussian Splatting baseline, significantly enhancing reconstruction fidelity while accurately preserving artifact content.