GroupDebate: Enhancing the Efficiency of Multi-Agent Debate Using Group Discussion
To address the scalability bottleneck in multi-agent debate—specifically, the exponential growth in token consumption with increasing agent count and debate rounds—this paper proposes a *grouped multi-agent debate* architecture. Agents are partitioned into disjoint subgroups that conduct parallel internal debates; inter-group information exchange and a dynamic consensus mechanism then aggregate intermediate results efficiently. This approach breaks the traditional linear scaling constraint and represents the first systematic integration of grouping principles into multi-agent debate frameworks. Extensive experiments across multiple logical reasoning benchmarks demonstrate that our method reduces token consumption by up to 51.7% relative to baseline methods, while simultaneously improving accuracy by up to 25%. The architecture thus achieves a significant trade-off improvement between computational efficiency and reasoning performance.