AI Misuse in Education Is a Measurement Problem: Toward a Learning Visibility Framework
This work addresses the risks posed by the misuse of artificial intelligence in education, which obscures the visibility of the learning process and threatens academic integrity, equity, and cognitive development. The authors propose a “learning visibility” framework that reconceptualizes AI misuse as a measurement challenge rather than a detection problem. Integrating cognitive offloading theory, learning analytics, and multimodal timeline reconstruction techniques, the framework establishes an assessment system centered on process transparency, normative AI use, and shared evidentiary practices. Moving beyond the limitations of conventional AI-detection tools, this approach offers educators a principled pathway for AI integration that upholds educational values, fosters trust, and enhances transparency, thereby effectively mitigating the “black box” effect induced by AI-mediated learning environments.